The "Sports Medicine" course has been offered at RHS since the 1989-90 school year. It is a one-year lecture-laboratory science elective that is designed for 11th and 12th graders who are interested in athletic training, medicine, physical therapy, exercise science, EMS, or any other related medical and/or sports field.  It is a very thorough and challenging course with real-world applications.  The course serves somewhat at a springboard and/or screening process for students wishing to participate in our after school athletic training / sports medicine program.  Students who pass the course with a "C" or higher are eligible for college credit at Reedley College (2+2 articulation aggreement).  This class also qualifies for UC Elective credit.  The text used for the class is "Sports Injury Management" (2nd ed.).
 
 

    Reedley HS:  Science Elective
    Course Length:  1 year
    Prerequisites:  Pass Science 2 or Biology with "C" or better; Grades 11/12
    Instructor:  Kirby Kauk, MA, ATC
    Text:   Sports Injury Management (Anderson & Hall, 2nd ed., 1999)
                (college / university level textbook)

• Demonstrate an understanding of and an appreciation for the main anatomical components and physiological processes required by the human body for normal function.human body for normal function.
• Understand the effect that various types of stress have on the function and structure of human tissues.
• Demonstrate ability to obtain information from various sources and then report their findings in both written and oral formats.
• Apply newly acquired knowledge/concepts to "real-life" situations.
• Gain knowledge of various medical career opportunities and develop a desire to pursue such careers.
• Apply the scientific method to solve problems associated with the human body.

• Discuss career opportunities in the field of Sports Medicine.
• List and describe the legal concerns associated with Sports Medicine.
• Identify the location, structure, and function of key anatomical components of each body region.
• Identify and describe the physiological changes that tissues undergo following injury.
• Identify and describe various forms of heat and cold therapies.
• Discuss the effect of temperature on cellular metabolism.
• Research for and prepare written research reports using professional journals and the internet as primary sources of information.
• Discuss various anatomical factors that affect normal and abnormal biomechanical function of body joints.
• Describe the scientific principles associated with the treatment and rehabilitation of injuries.
• Differentiate between normal and pathological conditions.
• Identify and describe various factors that predispose the human body to injury.
• Discuss identifiable adaptations the body undergoes as a result of various types of stress.
• Develop a progressive rehabilitation plan for each major body region.
• Identify and describe the effects of various substances that are commonly abused in society / sport.
• Apply the HOPS method to assess life-threatening and non life-threatening conditions of the body.
• Use a sphygmomanometer to determine blood pressure.
• Discuss the biochemical and anatomical basis of muscle tissue contraction.
• Compare aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
• Use a spirometer to determine various lung capacities within individuals.
• Calculate body density and body fat percentage using skin fold calipers and regression analysis.
• Describe the human body in terms of mechanical efficiency.

Special Considerations in Sports Medicine  (4 weeks)
           Emergency Procedures
        LAB: Vital Signs Assessment
        Homeostatic Mechanisms
        Body temperature regulation
        LAB:  What variables effect blood pressure and pulse rate?
        Substance Abuse
        Nutritional Considerations
        Special Medical Conditions in Sport
        LAB:  Effects of exercise / hyperventilation on the pH of exhaled air.
        Blood-borne and air-borne pathogens

Classification / Mechanisms of Injuries  (3 weeks)
         Tissues: tissue types and normal versus pathological situations
         Mechanical forces that injure human tissue
         Tension, compression, torsion, and shearing forces
         Classifications of injuries
              acute versus chronic
              exposed versus unexposed
              soft tissue versus skeletal tissue
              sprains, strains, contusion, inflammations, fractures, and dislocations

Therapeutic Modalities and Rehabilitation  (3 weeks)
         Tissue response to injury:  acute inflammation versus chronic inflammation
         Tissue healing, repair, and regeneration
         Soft tissue versus bone tissue
         Physiological response of tissue to various modalities/therapy
         Methods of heat transfer…conduction, convection, and conversion
                 LAB: Cold therapies versus Heat therapies
         Pharmacology in Sports Medicine
         Lever systems of the human body
         Categories of therapeutic exercise
         Open kinetic chain versus closed kinetic chain exercises
         Passive, active, assistive, and resistive exercises
                 LAB:  Closed Kinetic Chain versus Open Kinetic Chain exercises

Injury Assessment  (1 week)
        HOPS protocol
        History…techniques for obtaining a detailed medical history for any injury
        Observation…techniques for visually inspecting injured tissue / structures
        Palpation…determining the status/integrity of underlying anatomical structures
        Special Tests…techniques for determining the status/integrity of anatomical components
                Lab:  Range of Motion (ROM) Assessment via Goniometry

Foot/Ankle/Lower Leg (3 weeks)
        Anatomy…muscular, skeletal, ligamentous, neurological, and vascular components
                         normal versus pathological situations
        Biomechanics…normal and abnormal
                Lab:  ROM and Functional Assessment
        Region specific injury etiology, prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation

Knee/Thigh  (3 weeks)
        Anatomy…muscular, skeletal, ligamentous, neurological, and vascular components
                          normal versus pathological situations
        Biomechanics…normal and abnormal
                Lab:  ROM and Functional Assessment
        Region specific injury etiology, prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation

Hip/Pelvis  (2 weeks)
        Anatomy…muscular, skeletal, ligamentous, neurological, and vascular components
                          normal versus pathological situations
        Biomechanics…normal and abnormal
        Region specific injury etiology, prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation

Shoulder/Upper Arm  (3 weeks)
        Anatomy…muscular, skeletal, ligamentous, neurological, and vascular components
                          normal versus pathological situations
        Biomechanics…normal and abnormal
        Region specific injury etiology, prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation

Elbow/Wrist/Hand  (3 weeks)
        Anatomy…muscular, skeletal, ligamentous, neurological, and vascular components
                          normal versus pathological situations
        Biomechanics…normal and abnormal
        Region specific injury etiology, prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation

Head/Spine  (3 weeks)
        Anatomy…muscular, skeletal, ligamentous, neurological, and vascular components
                          normal versus pathological situations
        Biomechanics…normal and abnormal
        Region specific injury etiology, prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation

Thorax/Abdomen  (2 weeks)
        Anatomy…muscular, skeletal, ligamentous, neurological, and vascular components
        Location, structure, and function of the internal organs
                          normal versus pathological situations
        Biomechanics…normal and abnormal
        Region specific injury etiology, prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation

Human Performance/Exercise Science  (4 weeks)
        Effects of physical stress on the systems / tissues of the body
        Scientific principles of exercise / conditioning
        Identifiable adaptations made by the tissues of the body
        SAID and Overload Principles
        Muscle tissue...types, structure, and function
        Physiology of muscle tissue contraction
        Structure and function of the sarcomere
        Biochemistry of muscle contraction
        Muscle fiber types
                Lab:  Muscle fiber ratio determination / prediction
        Somatotypes / body composition
                Lab:  Determination of Body Density and Body Fat Percentage

        Components of an effective conditioning program
              muscular strength, endurance, and power
        Aerobic capacity
                LAB:  Lung Capacity Determination via Spirometry
        Flexibility
        Agility and proprioception

Sports Medicine Notebook (portfolio)
          -Compile/organize all notes, handouts, and assignments as per grading criteria: for entire year.
"Current Issues" research assignments. (eight throughout the year)
        -Each involves a written article review (summary and reaction sections) and oral presentation.
Lab activities as indicated in Course Outline.
Therapeutic Modality Poster
        -Research for, develop, and present pertinent information specific to the assigned modality.
Thigh/Hip/Pelvis Book
        -Research for, develop, and produce a "book" specific to this body region.
"Public Service Announcement"
        -Students research for and produce informational videos, poster series, or brochures.
Injury Assessment Handbook
        -Students research for and produce a "handbook" regarding injury classification and assessment.

* Interactive discussions, lectures, and demonstrations
* Cooperative learning experiences
* Individual and group research projects
* Field experiences
* Creative expression via art mediums and technology
* Oral presentations
* Power-Point presentations
* Laboratory activities

* Unit Tests
* Comprehensive Final Exam
* Regularly scheduled quizzes
* Sports Medicine Portfolio
* Skills Tests
* Individual Research ("Current Issues" assignments)
* Individual Projects
* Group Projects
* Laboratory Reports
* Student Demonstrations
 

Grading Categories
 

Letter Grade Determination

 
A = 90% or more of total points

B = 80% - 89% of total points

C = 70% - 79% of total points

D = 60% - 69% of total points

F = 59% or less of total points